Table of Contents

Albert Gallatin Randle

Albert Gallatin Randle with his wife Winnie Angeline Hardy-Randle.Son of Oney Cypress Randal and Susanna(h) “Sukey” W. Wilkins, Albert Gallatin Randle, known to friends and family as Albert, was born on September 2, 1830 in Franklin County, Georgia.

While some have speculated that Abert's given name was “John Albert Gallatin Randle”, there are no records to support the addition of “John”.

On Aug. 20, 1854, Albert (age 23) married Winna (Winnie) Angeline Hardy (age 20) in Franklin, County, GA.1)2) Winna Angeline Hardy (born June 7, 1834 in Martin, Franklin County, Georgia),3) was the daughter of Henry W. Hardy (1805 - 1892) & Sarah Isbell (1806 - 1864).

Some time between July 1855 (the birth of their first child) and March 1859 (the birth of their second child), Albert and Winna (Winnie) moved to Union County, Mississippi.

They had the following children:

  1. Susan Anna (Susie) Jane Randle-Wages (July 19, 1855 in Franklin County, GA - 1942 in Union County, MS)4)5) She married Samuel Phillip Wages on Aug 7, 1871 in Middleton, TN.
  2. John Henry Randle (March 14, 1859 - August 31, 1926 in Union County, MS)6)7)
  3. Nancy Jane Randle-Chunn (October 21, 1861 in Pontotoc County, MS - 1939)8)9)
  4. James “Jim” W. Randle (August 25, 1866 in Pontotoc County, MS - May 6, 1918 in Zion Hill, Ms., Prentiss, MS - March 6, 1918)10)
  5. Infant Randle (Sept. 24, 1868 - Sept. 26, 1868)
  6. Sarah Lou Randle-Purvis (Oct. 25, 1869 - Oct. 8, 1898)11)
  7. Thomas Oney Randle (Jan. 17, 1872 - Nov. 25, 1952)12)
  8. Isaac Samuel Randle (Mar. 1874 - 1929)13)
  9. Mary Emma Randle-Crawford (Dec. 27, 1876 - Dec. 3, 1915)14)
Susan Anna's name is often misinterpreted as “Susanna”… thinking that she must have been named after Albert's mother, Susanna W. Wilkins-Randal (it was even misspelled by a census taker). However, her name appears as “Susan Anna” on her tombstone.

[1860 U.S. Census. Albert G. Randle's family begins on line 35.]

1860 United States Federal Census



State: Mississippi
County: Pontotoc
Post Office: Ellistown
Date: July 24, 1860

Name Age Gender Occupation Birthplace
Albert G. Randle 29 M Farmer Georgia
Winny Randle 26 F Georgia
Susana J. Randle 5 F Georgia
John H. Randle 1 M Mississippi

Note 1: Winnie's name is misspelled in the census as “Winny”.
Note 2: Susan Anna's name is misspelled in the census as “Susana”.


Source: U.S. Census. Year: 1860; Census Place: Pontotoc, Mississippi; Roll: M653_590; Page: 603; Image: 123; Family History Library Film: 803590

The “War of Northern Aggression”

The Mississippi Secession Ordinance was written by Lucius Quintus Cincinnatus Lamar (II), who resigned from the U.S. Congress in January 1861. On January 9, 1861, delegates to the Mississippi Secession Convention met at the Lamar House to vote on the “Ordinance of Secession” (to announce Mississippi's formal secession from the United States of America). The Ordinance was adopted on January 9, 1861, listing the causes leading to the secession.15)

A Declaration of the Immediate Causes which Induce and Justify the Secession of the State of Mississippi from the Federal Union
In the momentous step, which our State has taken of dissolving its connection with the government of which we so long formed a part, it is but just that we should declare the prominent reasons which have induced our course.

Our position is thoroughly identified with the institution of slavery - the greatest material interest of the world. Its labor supplies the product, which constitutes by far the largest and most important portions of commerce of the earth. These products are peculiar to the climate verging on the tropical regions, and by an imperious law of nature, none but the black race can bear exposure to the tropical sun. These products have become necessities of the world, and a blow at slavery is a blow at commerce and civilization. That blow has been long aimed at the institution, and was at the point of reaching its consummation. There was no choice left us but submission to the mandates of abolition, or a dissolution of the Union, whose principles had been subverted to work out our ruin.

That we do not overstate the dangers to our institution, a reference to a few facts will sufficiently prove.

The hostility to this institution commenced before the adoption of the Constitution, and was manifested in the well-known Ordinance of 1787, in regard to the Northwestern Territory.

The feeling increased, until, in 1819-20, it deprived the South of more than half the vast territory acquired from France.

The same hostility dismembered Texas and seized upon all the territory acquired from Mexico.

It has grown until it denies the right of property in slaves, and refuses protection to that right on the high seas, in the Territories, and wherever the government of the United States had jurisdiction.

It refuses the admission of new slave States into the Union, and seeks to extinguish it by confining it within its present limits, denying the power of expansion.

It tramples the original equality of the South under foot.

It has nullified the Fugitive Slave Law in almost every free State in the Union, and has utterly broken the compact, which our fathers pledged their faith to maintain.

It advocates negro equality, socially and politically, and promotes insurrection and incendiarism in our midst.

It has enlisted its press, its pulpit and its schools against us, until the whole popular mind of the North is excited and inflamed with prejudice.

It has made combinations and formed associations to carry out its schemes of emancipation in the States and wherever else slavery exists.

It seeks not to elevate or to support the slave, but to destroy his present condition without providing a better.

It has invaded a State, and invested with the honors of martyrdom the wretch whose purpose was to apply flames to our dwellings, and the weapons of destruction to our lives.

It has broken every compact into which it has entered for our security.

It has given indubitable evidence of its design to ruin our agriculture, to prostrate our industrial pursuits and to destroy our social system.

It knows no relenting or hesitation in its purposes; it stops not in its march of aggression, and leaves us no room to hope for cessation or for pause.

It has recently obtained control of the Government, by the prosecution of its unhallowed schemes, and destroyed the last expectation of living together in friendship and brotherhood.

Utter subjugation awaits us in the Union, if we should consent longer to remain in it. It is not a matter of choice, but of necessity. We must either submit to degradation, and to the loss of property worth four billions of money, or we must secede from the Union framed by our fathers, to secure this as well as every other species of property. For far less cause than this, our fathers separated from the Crown of England.

Our decision is made. We follow their footsteps. We embrace the alternative of separation; and for the reasons here stated, we resolve to maintain our rights with the full consciousness of the justice of our course, and the undoubting belief of our ability to maintain it.


Source: http://avalon.law.yale.edu/19th_century/csa_missec.asp

The term “War of Northern Aggression” is used here because that is likely what the war was called by our Southern ancestors (or “War for Southern Independence”). While the term “Civil War” was used by Abraham Lincoln during multiple occasions – and the U.S. Supreme Court (The Brig Amy Warwick, et al., 67 U.S. 635, 636, 673 (1862)) during the war, it is entirely incorrect.

A civil war is a war between citizens of the same state contending for control of the same government. The war between the North and South was the war of the North against a separate government, that as long as it lasted was a de facto nation, exercising all the powers of an independent government. The term “civil war” concedes all that the North ever claimed, makes [the South] guilty of treason, and is untrue to the facts in the case. [The] term “civil war,” while incorrect as a simple definition of the struggle, does a gross injustice to the South by degrading her struggle for a national existence into a partisan conflict. I never use it and mark it out of every book where I find it. Let history tell the truth.
Rev. S.A. Steel, Jackson, Tenn.


Source: “The Phrase “Civil War,” Confederate Veteran, July 1912, pg. 347

Officially, the U.S. Congress used the term “The War between the States” in a report to the Senate on joint resolution No. 41, printed in the Congressional Record of March 2, 1928, on page 4061. However, the National Park Service, the government organization entrusted by the United States Congress to preserve the battlefields of the war, uses the term “Civil War”.

The Conscription Act


On April 16, 1862, the Confederacy—in need of troops to fight in its armies—passed the Conscription Act, the first effective general military draft in America.

When the “War of Northern Aggression” began, the Confederacy had set its volunteers’ terms of enlistment for one year. However, as the year mark neared, it became obvious that the war would last for much longer and that the Confederate armies would need more soldiers. So in April 1862, in a secret session of the Confederate Congress, the Conscription Act was passed, which drafted healthy white men ages 18 to 35 for three-year terms (later acts would extend the ages first to 18 to 45, and later to 17 to 50). The Confederate Congress also extended the terms of those already serving under one-year enlistments for another two years (though the soldiers would effectively serve for the duration of the war).

[Clipped from "The Evening Bulletin", 16 April 1862, Wed, Page 2]

The act allowed those drafted to find substitutes to serve in their place (though this would be discontinued in December 1863) and exempted men serving in occupations deemed critical to the war effort or civilian life. In the fall of 1862, exemptions were also extended to those who owned or oversaw 20 or more slaves.

The U.S. Federal government instituted its own draft a year later, in March 1863. The Enrollment Act called on men ages 20 to 45 to register for the draft. As in the South, substitutes were allowed, or else men could pay a $300 commutation fee (though commutation fees were eventually banned in 1864). Like the Confederacy, the U.S. Federal government allowed some exemptions for certain occupations, physical disability, and religious conscientious objectors.

Conscription was partially meant to encourage voluntary enlistment, as those who joined as volunteers were eligible to receive bounty money (enlistment bonuses) from states, counties, cities, and the U.S. federal government—in some cases totaling a sum upwards of $1,000. However, these bounties created the problem of bounty jumping, wherein men would volunteer, collect the money, then desert and re-enlist elsewhere and collect that money as well.

In the Union and Confederacy, conscription was generally a disproportional burden on the poor, since they were unable to pay for a substitute or a commutation fee. But while the draft was hated in both the North and the South, it was only in the North that it sparked riots, the most violent of which killed more than a hundred people—many of them black—in the New York City Draft Riots of July 1863.


Sources:
https://blog.fold3.com/americas-first-military-draft-begins-april-16-1862/
https://www.newspapers.com/clip/4643787/confederate_conscription_bill_passed/

During the “War of Norther Aggression”, Albert joined the Confederate 45th Mississippi Infantry Regiment 16); which was formed during the late summer of 1862 by redesignating Hardcastle's 33rd Mississippi Infantry Regiment.17) The unit was active at Perryville, then joined the Army of Tennessee. Assigned to Generals S.A.M. Wood's and Lowrey's Brigade, it saw action in various conflicts from Murfreesboro to the Atlantic Campaign. This unit lost fifty-three percent of the 217 engaged at Murfreesboro, TN (during the “The Battle of Stones River” aka “Second Battle of Murfreesboro”) where Albert was captured on Jan. 1, 1863. He was sent to City Point for exchange during March 1863.

["Roll of Prisoners of War" - Albert Randle appears on line 90 (the 10th row from the top of the page) as "A.G. Randle".]

For a time it was consolidated with the 32nd Regiment, and this command sustained 166 casualties at Chickamauga. In December, 1863, the 32nd/45th totalled 515 men and 387 arms.

On July 14, 1864, it was consolidated into five companies and became the 3rd (Williams') Mississippi Infantry Battalion. Colonel Aaron B. Hardcastle, Lieutenant Colonel Richard Charlton, and Major Elisha F. Nunn were in command. Albert Randle was assigned to Company G. This unit served in General Lowrey's and Sharp's Brigade and fought with the Army of Tennessee from Peach Tree Creek to Bentonville. In the Battle of Atlanta it reported 2 killed, 33 wounded, and 2 missing, and many were lost in Tennessee. The battalion surrendered on April 26, 1865. The field officers were Lieutenant Colonel John D. Williams and Major Elisha F. Nunn.

Albert's rank was “Private” throughout his enlistment.

After the War

Mr. Albert Randle donated land for the old Zion Hill Church, School and Cemetery about 1878. The cemetery was started in July, 1881.

The Old Zion Hill Cemetery is located near CR 183 in Alpine (Union County) Mississippi, situated north of the Church on the East side of County Road 183. The New Zion Hill Cemetery is across the road from the Church on the southeast corner at the intersection of County Road 183 and 184.18)
Zion Hill Cemetery is located in Union County, within the District 1 at latitude 34.5193 and longitude -89.0851. The primary coordinates for Zion Hill Cemetery places it within the ZIP Code 38652 delivery area.19)

[1880 U.S. Census. Albert G. Randle's family begins on line 19.]

1880 United States Federal Census



State: Mississippi
County: Union
Date: June 20, 1880

Name Age Gender Relationship Occupation Birthplace
Albert Randell 50 M Head Farmer Georgia
Winny Randell 46 F Wife Keeping House Georgia
James Randell 14 M Son Farmer Mississippi
Sarah Randell 11 F Daughter Mississippi
Thomas Randell 9 M Son Mississippi
Isaac S. Randell 7 M Son Mississippi
Emma Randell 5 F Daughter Mississippi

Note 1: The census misspells “Randle” as “Randell”. Note 2: The census misspells “Winnie” as “Winny”.


Source: U.S. Census. Year: 1880; Census Place: Union, Mississippi; Roll: 666; Family History Film: 1254666; Page: 290D; Enumeration District: 203

Most of the original 1890 U.S. Federal Census records were destroyed or badly damaged by a fire in the Commerce Department in 1921. Records enumerating only 6,160 individuals—less than one percent of the schedules—survived. Those for the Randal family were destroyed.

[1900 U.S. Census. Albert Randall's family begins on line 5. (His son, John Randle and his family begin on line 14)]

1900 United States Federal Census



State: Mississippi
County: Union
Township or Other Division of County: Ellistown
Date: June 18, 1900

Name Relationship Gender Date of Birth Age Occupation Birthplace Fathers Birthplace Mothers Birthplace
Albert Randall Head M Sep. 1830 69 Farmer Georgia South Carolina South Carolina
Angline Randall Wife F June 1834 65 Georgia Georgia Georgia
Issac Randall Son M Mar. 1874 25 Farmer Georgia Georgia Georgia

Note: According to the Census, all of the family could read and write.


Source: U.S. Census. Year: 1900; Census Place: Ellistown, Union, Mississippi; Roll: 830; Page: 10A; Enumeration District: 0126; FHL microfilm: 1240830

Death

Albert Gallatin Randle died on January 21, 1906 (at age 75) in Union, Tippah, Mississippi and was buried at “Zion Hill Baptist Cemetery”.20)

Two years after Albert died, Issac Randle married Sallie Mae (maiden name unknown).

According to the 1910 U.S. Census, Winnie Angeline Hardy Randle then lived with Issac and his family.

[1910 U.S. Census. Issac Randle's family begins on line 14. (His mother, Winnie Angeline Hardy Randle, appears on line 18)]

1910 United States Federal Census



State: Mississippi
County: Union
Name of Incorporated Place: Keownville
Date: April 22, 1910

Name Relationship Gender Age No. Yrs. Married No. of Children Born No. of Children Living Birthplace Fathers Birthplace Mothers Birthplace Occupation
Isaac S. Randle Head M 36 3 Mississippi Georgia Georgia Farmer
May S. Randle Wife F 28 3 2 2 Mississippi South Carolina Mississippi None
Thomas A. Randle Son M 2 Mississippi Mississippi Mississippi None
Winnie A. Randle Daughter F 8/12 Mississippi Mississippi Mississippi None
Willie A. Randle Mother F 76 9 7 Georgia Georgia South Carolina None

Note 1: The Census taker erroneously recorded Sallie Mae's name as “May S.” Randle.
Note 2: The Census taker erroneously recorded Winnie Angeline Hardy Randle's name as “Willie” Randle.
Note 3: According to the Census, Winnie, Issac & his wife, May, could all read and write.


Source: U.S. Census. Year: 1910; Census Place: Keownville, Union, Mississippi; Roll: T624_761; Page: 5A; Enumeration District: 0110; FHL microfilm: 1374774

Winnie Angeline Hardy Randle died June 23, 1911 (at age 77) in Union, Tippah, Mississippi and was also buried at “Zion Hill Baptist Cemetery”.21)

[Albert G. Randle, Born Sept. 2, 1830, Died Feb. 21, 1906] [Albert G. Randle, Born Sept. 2, 1830, Died Feb. 21, 1906]

[W.A. Wife of A.G. Randle, Born June 7, 1834, Died July 23, 1911] [W.A. Wife of A.G. Randle, Born June 7, 1834, Died July 23, 1911]

[The tombstones of Albert & Winnie Randle at “Zion Hill Baptist Cemetery”.]

Lineage

Name Line Manager Job Title Photo
Albert Gallatin Randle
Oney Cypress Randal Albert Gallatin Randle (1796-1854) Father
Susannah W. Wilkins Albert Gallatin Randle (1800-1874) Mother
John Bull-Randal Oney Cypress Randal (1766-1851) Grand Father
Charles Smith Wilkins Susannah W. Wilkins (1755-1817) Grand Father
Elizabeth Puryear Susannah W. Wilkins (1775-1837) Grand Mother
James Wilkins Charles Smith Wilkins Great Grand Father
Arabella Smith Marrow Charles Smith Wilkins Great Grand Mother
Seymour Puryear Elizabeth Puryear (1750-1788) Great Grand Father
Sarah Royster Elizabeth Puryear (1754-1803) Great Grand Mother
Hanna Harvey Oney Cypress Randal (1776-1852) Grand Mother
Thomas Bull Jr. John Bull-Randal (1726-1797) Great Grand Father
Sarah Randal John Bull-Randal Great Grand Mother
Col. Thomas Peyton Harvey, Sr. Hanna Harvey (1740-1806) Great Grand Father
Sarahann Williams Hanna Harvey Great Grand Mother
Thomas Bull, Sr. Thomas Bull Jr. (1700-1763) Great, Great Grand Father
Susanna Harwell Thomas Bull Jr. Great, Great Grand Mother
Ambrose Harwell Susanna Harwell (1686-1739) Great, Great, Great Grand Father
Elizabeth Browne Susanna Harwell Great, Great, Great Grand Mother